Water reflection science: Light refracts or bends when it passes from one material to another. It also acts like a magnifying glass, bending the light towards the center.

Pepper and soap: Due to surface tension, the pepper floats on top. The soap interferes with the hydrogen bond between water molecules, breaking the surface tension. Naturally, water molecules are strongly attracted to each other. So when the surface tension breaks, the water spreads out. It’s attracted to the outside water molecules, making it spread out and taking the pepper particles with it.

Tell us the science behind the rest :)